Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation for Sustainable Agriculture and Construction

Abstract: Microbially induced calcite precipitation is attaining a great importance as ‘biomimetic’ inspiration. Biomineralization is the process by which living organisms carry out reactions that promote mineral precipitation. Bio inspired engineering is futuristic approach for green civil infrastructure with microbial natural phenomenon. This study was done to evaluate the microbially induced calcite precipitation activity of bacteria on strengthening of soil and building material. Ureolytic strains were isolated and identified using biochemical properties as Alcaligenes sp., Bacillus aeolius, Bacillus naganoensis, Bacillus carboniphilus and Bacillus velezensis by 16srRNA sequencing method. Strains found to have the potential of calcite production were grown on calcite precipitation agar and B4 medium. Characterization of calcite was done using stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. Both circular and hombohedral shapes of calcites were observed with size ranging between 20 to 600 nm. For the utilization of microbially induced calcite precipitation, activity in soil strengthening, sulfur rich soil (80 ppm) was used for field experiment with Zea mays. Maize grown in soil containing Bacillus velezensis, showed elevated vigor index. Concrete brick ameliorated with Bacillus naganoensis and Bacillus velezensis, are herein reported for first time contributing towards increase in crushing load, compressive strength as well as water absorption capacity in comparison to control and bricks meliorated with other strains. This study has concluded that MICP process can be used for sustainable environment.

Keywords: Right to Equality, Gender equality, DPSP, Fundamental Rights, Constitution of India.